Carley in Higher Education

The Universal Design for Learning guidelines offers learners with multiple means of representation, given through various forms of engagement, and more opportunities for expression all for the purpose of meaningful learning. Moreover, “Universal Design for Learning: Guidelines for Accessible Online Instruction” provides some helpful insights pertaining to adult online education. One of the ways Rogers-Shaw et al. (2018) addresses useful, applied UDL in an online class is that learners from a variety of backgrounds can continue their education through a simple, equal platform without barriers such as distance interfering. When UDL is applied to online courses, students learn both formally and informally through the flexibility of communication technology provides, enhancing  social participation (Rogers-Shaw et al., 2018, p. 27). It stresses that special design under UDL principles should be considered when creating an online course. The article concludes with an ...

How People Learn II , Chapter 5 - “Knowledge and Reasoning” Summary:  “Knowledge and Reasoning” lays out a blueprint of a learner’s ability to make connections with new, learned information, integrate it into situations, and develop capabilities to reason and use learned knowledge for deeper understanding. Learners naturally start to build a foundation of knowledge, even from infancy (p. 86). As people mature and experience the world, the knowledge base provides the necessary skills needed in order to draw conclusions, or reason. Secondly, as learner’s build on an existing knowledge base it then leads to expertise, which is beneficial because learner’s will be able to recall quickly and learn new information easier. However, with expertise may come bias. While some bias may be useful for problem solving in social situations, some negative bias includes people’s attitude toward learning. It is vital to break through these barriers to allow learning possible. Inferential reasoning re...